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A court that investigates itself, prosecutes itself and judges itself is no longer a check on power but an authority unto itself. Secretive inquiries with no defined targets, prolonged detentions, content-removal orders and justices entangled in the very financial scandals they're meant to oversee demonstrates the court's endemic corruption. An institution immune to scrutiny, answerable to no electorate and increasingly indistinguishable from the threats it claims to fight, is an existential threat to democracy.
An assertive court isn't inherently a threat to democracy, as it depends on what that assertiveness is used for. In Brazil, it has protected democratic institutions. Through judicial review, targeted investigations and rulings, Brazil's top court has pushed back against executive aggrandizement, curbed disinformation campaigns and put those who conspired to overturn a presidential election behind bars. Those who seek to weaken the court ultimately seek to weaken democratic institutions and the rule of law.