Volcanoes and the climate are locked in a two-way street, and pretending otherwise ignores the research. Melting ice caps, shifting sea levels and the extreme rainfall that a warming world keeps supercharging have all been tied to eruption rates, dyke injections and collapsing lava domes. Heating the planet while sitting on 1,500 potentially active volcanoes is a gamble worth taking seriously.
Indonesia sits on the Pacific Ring of Fire, where subducting plates melt into magma and blow their tops on a geological clock that runs for centuries. Eruptions are independent of anything humans do to the atmosphere, and volcanic gases amount to less than 1% of greenhouse gas emissions. What looks like a scary surge is just better monitoring and louder social media coverage of a routine cycle.
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