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Recent clashes between rival FARC dissident factions stem from internal power struggles over territory and control. Fragmentation has intensified violence as commanders fight over routes and revenues rather than ideology or collective goals. Bogotá remains committed to the peace process despite repeated setbacks, treating the fighting as criminal rivalry rather than political insurgency. State action remains focused on preventing civilians from being trapped in conflicts driven by armed rivalries.
Colombia’s security collapse is no accident but the result of a hollowed-out state that has ceded entire regions to armed groups. In Guaviare, clashes between EMC and EMBF killed at least 26 people while authorities remained absent. In Catatumbo, ELN forces displaced more than 60,000 civilians, openly deploying armed drones to execute suspected collaborators. Peace talks have become political theater, masking the government’s inability to protect civilians or enforce basic control over its territory.