An ancient Egyptian's complete genome has been read for the first time
New Scientist1 day
Study: Ancient Egyptian DNA Reveals Genetic Links to Mesopotamia
Above: The Zoser Pyramid in Giza, Egypt on May 4, 2025. Image copyright: Nurettin Boydak/Anadolu/Getty Images
The Spin
Narrative A
This groundbreaking discovery proves what archaeologists have long suspected — ancient civilizations weren't isolated bubbles, but interconnected societies that shared people, ideas, and innovations. The genetic evidence finally confirms that Egypt's rise to greatness involved significant cultural exchange with Mesopotamian peoples, explaining how technologies such as pottery wheels and writing systems spread between regions.
Narrative B
While this single genome provides fascinating insights, drawing sweeping conclusions about ancient population movements from one individual's DNA is premature. The man's unusual high-status burial — despite being a laborer — suggests he may represent an exceptional case rather than a typical example of population mixing, and much more genetic evidence is needed before rewriting ancient history.